{"id":906,"date":"2020-03-01T22:04:11","date_gmt":"2020-03-01T20:04:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.otangu.cz\/?page_id=906"},"modified":"2025-03-18T09:52:41","modified_gmt":"2025-03-18T07:52:41","slug":"historie","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.otangu.cz\/?page_id=906","title":{"rendered":"Historie tanga"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Stejn\u011b jako je ne zcela jasn\u00fd p\u016fvod slova tango, existuje i \u0159ada p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f o vzniku a v\u00fdvoji samotn\u00e9ho tanga. Nab\u00edz\u00edme v\u00e1m jednu z nej\u010dast\u011bji uv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00fdch verz\u00ed:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zrozen\u00ed tanga je spojov\u00e1no s p\u0159edm\u011bst\u00edm argentinsk\u00e9ho Buenos Aires, kde se od druh\u00e9 poloviny 19. stolet\u00ed a zejm\u00e9na na jeho konci m\u00edsily kultury m\u00edstn\u00edch, otrok\u016f z Afriky a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm p\u0159ist\u011bhovalc\u016f z r\u016fzn\u00fdch zem\u00ed, jim\u017e tehdy Argentina nab\u00eddla vidinu lep\u0161\u00edho \u017eivota. Evrop\u0161t\u00ed a jihoameri\u010dt\u00ed imigranti si s sebou p\u0159inesli rodnou hudbu a tance, a dali tak vzniknout spole\u010dn\u00e9 \u0159e\u010di: tanci, hudb\u011b a poezii. A pr\u00e1v\u011b k popisu rozli\u010dn\u00e9 hudby a tanc\u016f v t\u00e9to oblasti bylo v t\u00e9 dob\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1no slovo tango.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Buenos Aires bylo v t\u00e9 dob\u011b velmi chud\u00e9 m\u011bsto s\u00a0obrovsk\u00fdm mno\u017estv\u00edm p\u0159ist\u011bhovalc\u016f bez pen\u011bz. V\u011bt\u0161ina z\u00a0nich byli svobodn\u00ed mu\u017ei z\u00a0nev\u00fdznamn\u00fdch rodin, kte\u0159\u00ed m\u011bli jen svou hrdost a\u00a0nad\u011bji, \u017ee vyd\u011blaj\u00ed dost na\u00a0to, aby se vr\u00e1tili dom\u016f. V\u00a0populaci chud\u00fdch a\u00a0zoufal\u00fdch mu\u017e\u016f proto vzkv\u00e9tal zlo\u010din, nev\u011bstince, gangste\u0159i\u2026 a\u00a0tango. Byly to toti\u017e nev\u011bstince, kam se tango p\u0159esunulo \u2013 na\u00a0m\u00edsto, kde se ve\u00a0v\u011bt\u0161inov\u011b mu\u017esk\u00e9 populaci nach\u00e1zely \u017eeny. Ty si mohly vyb\u00edrat sv\u00e9 klienty podle jejich tane\u010dn\u00edho umu, kter\u00fd mu\u017e musel prok\u00e1zat b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika tanc\u016f. Proto\u017ee \u017een bylo m\u00e1lo, mu\u017ei se u\u010dili tan\u010dit spole\u010dn\u011b a nebylo neobvykl\u00e9, \u017ee si sv\u00e9 dovednosti procvi\u010dovali vz\u00e1jemn\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Popularita tanga – jak tance, tak i hudby – ve spole\u010densk\u00e9m \u017eeb\u0159\u00ed\u010dku stoupala. Osvojili si jej i synov\u00e9 z bohat\u00fdch rodin, kte\u0159\u00ed byli \u010dasto pos\u00edl\u00e1ni do Evropy, aby zde studovali \u010di z\u00edsk\u00e1vali \u017eivotn\u00ed zku\u0161enosti. D\u00edky nim se v roce 1910 sezn\u00e1mila s tangem tak\u00e9 Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017e, jej\u00ed\u017e spole\u010dnost dychtila po novink\u00e1ch a \u201enebezpe\u010dnou\u201c povahu tanga uv\u00edtala. Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ean\u00e9 si tanec zamilovali a propukla tak tangom\u00e1nie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rok 1913 se stal rokem tanga, kter\u00e9 u\u017e nebylo jen pa\u0159\u00ed\u017eskou m\u00f3dou, ale mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm fenom\u00e9nem. P\u0159ijala ho i nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed vrstva v Argentin\u011b a p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti se chytil tak\u00e9 Hollywood (1921, The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse<\/a>). Pro celosv\u011btovou popularizaci tanga m\u011bl tento film obrovsk\u00fd v\u00fdznam.
Pozn.: podle n\u011bkter\u00fdch zdroj\u016f hlavn\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel Rudolph Valentino tango v\u016fbec tan\u010dit neum\u011bl a roli dostal d\u00edky sv\u00e9 kreativit\u011b a tane\u010dn\u00edmu nad\u00e1n\u00ed projeven\u00e9mu p\u0159i konkurzu. Kdy\u017e film p\u0159i\u0161el do kin v Argentin\u011b, lid\u00e9 se jeho podivn\u00fdm poskok\u016fm a v\u00fdst\u0159edn\u00edmu oble\u010den\u00ed sm\u00e1li.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na konci 1. sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky byla Argentina jednou z nejbohat\u0161\u00edch zem\u00ed na sv\u011bt\u011b. Vznikaly filmy, texty i hudba. Mezi nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed um\u011blce t\u00e9to ran\u00e9 doby pat\u0159il Carlos Gardel, kter\u00fd v tangov\u00fdch skladb\u00e1ch zp\u00edval p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy o opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch milenc\u00edch. Ti se ostatn\u011b obecn\u011b stali hlavn\u00edm motivem tanga – zna\u010dn\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st p\u00eds\u0148ov\u00fdch text\u016f hovo\u0159\u00ed o \u201epadl\u00fdch\u201c \u017een\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 opou\u0161t\u011bly chud\u00e9 mu\u017ee pro n\u011bkoho z vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy. Podle z\u00e1sad l\u00e1sky horkokrevn\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f se El guapo (voln\u011b p\u0159elo\u017eeno amant) pak pomstil zabit\u00edm \u017eeny, kter\u00e1 jej opustila. \u010cast\u00fdm vizu\u00e1ln\u00edm symbolem tanga se proto stala \u017eena, zachycen\u00e1 v p\u00e1du, coby melodramatick\u00e9 zobrazen\u00ed padl\u00e9 \u017eeny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nic netrv\u00e1 v\u011b\u010dn\u011b a tak i tango v\u00a0Evrop\u011b vy\u0161lo do roku 1930 z\u00a0m\u00f3dy a\u00a0vojensk\u00fd pu\u010d v\u00a0Argentin\u011b jej na\u00a0n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch deset let potla\u010dil i\u00a0v\u00a0jeho domovin\u011b. Tanec za\u010dal znovu vzkv\u00e9tat a\u017e ve\u00a040. letech 20.\u00a0stolet\u00ed a toto obdob\u00ed je pova\u017eov\u00e1no za\u00a0zlat\u00fd v\u011bk tanga, proto\u017ee se stalo z\u00e1kladn\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed argentinsk\u00e9 kultury. Za\u010d\u00e1tkem roku 1946 se za n\u011bj nav\u00edc postavilo i\u00a0n\u00e1rodn\u00ed politick\u00e9 hnut\u00ed Juana a\u00a0Evy Per\u00f3nov\u00fdch. O tom, \u017ee se tango m\u011bnilo s\u00a0politick\u00fdmi a\u00a0ekonomick\u00fdmi podm\u00ednkami, sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed zejm\u00e9na hudba. V\u00a0hospod\u00e1\u0159sky chud\u00fdch obdob\u00edch se velk\u00e9 tane\u010dn\u00ed salony zav\u00edraly a\u00a0ustupovaly kdysi popul\u00e1rn\u00edm men\u0161\u00edm podnik\u016fm. Tak\u00e9 orchestry se op\u011bt zmen\u0161ily. Po dal\u0161\u00edm pu\u010di v\u00a0roce 1955 nov\u00fd re\u017eim tango op\u011bt potla\u010doval a\u00a0podporoval import zahrani\u010dn\u00ed kultury – americk\u00e9ho swingu a\u00a0rokenrolu. Do\u00a0konce pades\u00e1t\u00fdch let se tak tango z\u00a0tane\u010dn\u00ed sc\u00e9ny op\u011bt vytratilo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 popularita tanga nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d v\u011bt\u0161iny zem\u00ed m\u00e1 sv\u016fj p\u016fvod v osmdes\u00e1t\u00fdch letech, kdy sv\u011bt procestovalo p\u0159edstaven\u00ed \u201eTango Argentino\u201c s tane\u010dn\u00edky, mezi n\u011b\u017e pat\u0159ili osobnosti Juan Carlos Copes a Mar\u00eda Nieves. A\u010dkoli t\u0159ic\u00e1t\u00e1 a \u010dty\u0159ic\u00e1t\u00e1 l\u00e9ta jsou \u010dasto ozna\u010dov\u00e1na jako zlat\u00fd v\u011bk tanga, mnoz\u00ed jej vid\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b v jeho novodob\u00e9m o\u017eiven\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zdroj: voln\u00fd p\u0159eklad z dokumentu Tango Its Not Just A Dance<\/a> a \u010dl\u00e1nku A Brief Introduction to the History of Tango Music<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Stejn\u011b jako je ne zcela jasn\u00fd p\u016fvod slova tango, existuje i \u0159ada p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f o vzniku a v\u00fdvoji samotn\u00e9ho tanga. Nab\u00edz\u00edme v\u00e1m jednu z nej\u010dast\u011bji uv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00fdch verz\u00ed: Zrozen\u00ed tanga je spojov\u00e1no s p\u0159edm\u011bst\u00edm argentinsk\u00e9ho Buenos Aires, kde se od druh\u00e9 poloviny 19. stolet\u00ed a zejm\u00e9na na jeho konci m\u00edsily kultury m\u00edstn\u00edch, otrok\u016f z Afriky a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm p\u0159ist\u011bhovalc\u016f z r\u016fzn\u00fdch zem\u00ed, jim\u017e tehdy Argentina nab\u00eddla vidinu lep\u0161\u00edho \u017eivota….<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"parent":903,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-906","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.otangu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/906","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.otangu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.otangu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.otangu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.otangu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=906"}],"version-history":[{"count":34,"href":"https:\/\/www.otangu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/906\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1086,"href":"https:\/\/www.otangu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/906\/revisions\/1086"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.otangu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/903"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.otangu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=906"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}